When and How to Check Your Vehicle Tyres

Tyres are the only point of contact between your vehicle and the road, yet they are among the most neglected maintenance items. In India, tyre-related failures cause a significant number of highway accidents, especially during summer when road temperatures can exceed 60 degrees Celsius. Regular tyre checks are simple, take just a few minutes, and can prevent life-threatening blowouts.

Checking Tyre Pressure

Tyre pressure should be checked at least once a fortnight, ideally when the tyres are cold (before driving or after the car has been parked for 3 hours). The recommended pressure is printed on a sticker inside the driver's door jamb and in your owner's manual. Both under-inflation and over-inflation are dangerous — under-inflated tyres overheat and can blow out, while over-inflated tyres reduce grip.

• Check pressure fortnightly using a reliable gauge
• Always check when tyres are cold
• Follow the manufacturer's recommended pressure from the door sticker
• Under-inflation causes overheating and increased fuel consumption
• Over-inflation reduces contact patch and grip on the road

Checking Tread Depth

The legal minimum tread depth in India is 1.6 mm, but experts recommend replacing tyres when tread reaches 2 mm. You can check tread depth using the built-in tread wear indicators — small raised bars between the tread grooves. When the tread surface is level with these bars, your tyres need immediate replacement.

Uneven tread wear indicates alignment or suspension problems. If the inner or outer edges are wearing faster than the centre, get a wheel alignment done. If the centre is wearing faster, your tyres may be over-inflated.

Tyre Rotation and Balancing

Tyres should be rotated every 10,000-12,000 km to ensure even wear. Front tyres typically wear faster because they handle steering and braking forces. Wheel balancing should be done every time you rotate tyres or notice vibrations at highway speeds. Balancing costs around ₹50-100 per tyre at most tyre shops.

• Rotate tyres every 10,000-12,000 km
• Front-to-back rotation is the most common pattern
• Get wheel balancing done with every rotation
• Check alignment if you notice the vehicle pulling to one side
• Replace tyres in pairs — at least on the same axle

When to Replace Your Tyres

Besides tread wear, tyres should be replaced if they are over 5 years old regardless of tread condition, as rubber degrades over time. Check the DOT code on the tyre sidewall — the last four digits indicate the week and year of manufacture. Also replace immediately if you notice bulges, cracks, or cuts on the sidewall.

Frequently Asked Questions

Conclusion

Your tyres are a critical safety component that deserves regular attention. A few minutes of checking pressure and tread every fortnight can prevent dangerous blowouts and improve your vehicle's handling and fuel efficiency. Do not wait for a flat tyre to remind you.